Reproductive Biology of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) under Semi-Arid Tropics of Western India

Abstract

Reproductive biology of fifteen elite genotypes of tamarind was studied during the year 2004 and 2005. Peak period
of panicle emergence and flowering was recorded in the month of July and August, respectively in majority of
genotypes. It was found to be earliest in CPT 1 closely followed by CPT 2, CPT 3, CPT 11 and CPT 13. Variable
percentage of anthesis/ dehiscence was registered in different genotypes. Peak period of anthesis was recorded
between 7-9 AM in all the genotypes during both the years. None of the genotypes showed anthesis before 5 A
M and after 11AM. Anther dehiscence commenced after opening of flowers, i.e., at 8AM and continued till 12
noon. Peak period of dehiscence was recorded between 9-11 AM in all genotypes. None of the genotypes showed
anther dehiscence before 8 AM and after12 noon. Time taken for complete development of flower ranged from
18-26 days, pollen viability ranged from 80.10-94.13 per cent being highest in CPT 3. Pollen germination ranged
from 10.11–18.13 per cent being at the top in CPT 3 (18.13 per cent). Pollen diameter ranged from 34.12- 42.14
micron. Pollen grain was spherical in shape having light yellow colour in all genotypes. CPT 13 recorded maximum
panicle length (15.20 cm) and fruit set per panicle (16.80). The peak period of fruit set was recorded in the month
of September in majority of genotypes. These genotypes are being further evaluated